| All the information we have about the world we | | | | Now, when the patient wants to pick up a glass, |
| live in is conveyed to us by our five senses. The | | | | he moves his right shoulder upward. This |
| world we know consists of what our eye sees, | | | | movement sends an electrical signal from the |
| our hand feels, our nose smells, our tongue | | | | position sensor, worn under his clothing, to the |
| tastes, and our ears hear. We never think that | | | | stimulator in his chest, which amplifies it and |
| the "external" world can be other than what our | | | | passes it along to appropriate muscles in his arm |
| senses present to us, since we've been depending | | | | and hand. They contract in response, and his left |
| on only those senses since the day we were | | | | hand closes. When he wants to release the glass, |
| born. | | | | he moves his right shoulder downward, and his |
| However, modern scientific research in many | | | | left hand opens. |
| different fields points to a wholly different | | | | The University of Louvain in Brussels used a |
| understanding, creating serious doubt about our | | | | similar application of technology in relation to |
| senses and the world we perceive with them. | | | | eyesight. A patient's rod and cone cells had |
| This approach's starting point is the notion that | | | | degenerated, causing the retina to become |
| any "external world" is only a response created in | | | | insensitive to light. Consequently, she became blind. |
| our brain by electrical signals. The red hue of an | | | | An electrode implanted around her right optic |
| apple, the hardness of wood, your mother, | | | | nerve enabled her to regain partial sight. |
| father, your family, and everything that you | | | | In this patient's case, the electrode was |
| own—your house, your job,—and even the | | | | connected to a stimulator placed inside a cavity in |
| lines of this article, are composed of electrical | | | | the skull. A video camera, worn on a cap, |
| signals only. | | | | transmitted the images to the stimulator in the |
| In this picture, we see someone who feels himself | | | | form of radio signals, bypassing the damaged rod |
| skiing on the mountains, whereas there is really | | | | and cone cells, and delivered the electric signals |
| neither skis nor snow. This illusion is artificially | | | | directly to the optic nerve. The brain's visual |
| created. | | | | cortex reassembled these signals to form an |
| Thanks to present technological developments, it's | | | | image. The patient's experience is comparable to |
| possible to have realistic experiences without the | | | | watching a miniature stadium billboard, but the |
| need for an "external world" or "matter." The | | | | quality is nevertheless sufficient to prove that this |
| incredible advancement in virtual reality technology | | | | system is viable. |
| has come up with some especially convincing | | | | This system is called a "Microsystem-based Visual |
| proofs. | | | | Prosthesis," a device permanently implanted into |
| To put it simply, virtual reality is the projection of | | | | the patient's head. But to make it all work, the |
| computer-generated three-dimensional images | | | | patient needs to go to a specially designated |
| that appear to be real with the aid of some | | | | room in the University of Louvain and wear what |
| devices. This technology, with its diverse range of | | | | looks like a badly damaged bathing cap. The |
| applications, is known as "virtual reality," "virtual | | | | bathing cap is made of plastic with a standard |
| world," or "virtual environment." Its most | | | | video camera installed on its front. The more |
| important feature is that by the use of some | | | | pixels there are to form an image on the screen, |
| purposely constructed devices, it misleads the | | | | the greater the number of electrical stimulations; |
| person experiencing it into believing the experience | | | | therefore, the greater the resolution quality of the |
| to be real. In recent years, the word "immersive'' | | | | image. |
| has begun to be used in front of the term "virtual | | | | The same article referred to an interesting show |
| reality," reflecting the way that witnesses are | | | | by a performance artist who made use of the |
| literally immersed in the experience. | | | | same technology: |
| The rationale of any virtual reality system is | | | | During one 1998 performance, Stelarc wired |
| based on our five human senses. For instance, | | | | himself up directly to the Internet. His body was |
| when the user puts on a special glove, devices | | | | dotted with electrodes—on his deltoids, biceps, |
| inside transmit signals to the fingertips. When | | | | flexors, hamstrings and calf muscles—that |
| these signals are relayed to and interpreted by | | | | delivered gentle electric shocks, just enough to |
| the brain, the user experiences the sensation of | | | | nudge the muscles into involuntary contractions. |
| touching a silk fabric or ornate vase, complete | | | | The electrodes were connected to a computer, |
| with all of its surface details—without any such | | | | which was in turn linked via the Internet to |
| thing actually existing in the environment. | | | | computers in Paris, Helsinki and Amsterdam. By |
| One of virtual reality's foremost applications is in | | | | pressing various parts of a rendering of a human |
| medicine. Michigan University has developed a | | | | body on a touch screen, participants at all three |
| technology that trains assistant practitioners—in | | | | sites could make Stelarc do whatever they |
| particular, the personnel of emergency | | | | wished. |
| wards—to learn their skills in a virtual reality lab, | | | | These technologies, provided that they can be |
| in which environment is created by projecting the | | | | sufficiently reduced in size and placed inside the |
| details of an operating room onto the floor, walls, | | | | body, will pave the way for radically new |
| and ceiling of a room. The "picture" is completed | | | | developments in medicine. These developments |
| by projecting an operating table, complete with | | | | demonstrate another important fact: The external |
| the patient to be operated on, onto the center of | | | | world is a copied image that we watch in our |
| the room. The surgeons-to-be put on their 3-D | | | | minds… |
| glasses and begin their "virtual" operation. And | | | | The New Scientist's April 27, 2002 issue with its |
| anyone viewing the images reflected on the 3-D | | | | cover story, "Hollow Universe" and headline, "Why |
| glasses cannot distinguish a real operating room | | | | we all live in a hologram." |
| from this virtual one. | | | | The Time article showed practical examples of |
| Do We Live in a Holographic Universe? | | | | how we can create perceptions like sight or touch |
| New Scientist is one of the best-known science | | | | by artificially created impulses. The most obvious |
| magazines. Its March 27, 2002 cover story was | | | | proof is that a blind person was able to see. |
| written by scientist J.R. Minkel, titled "Hollow | | | | Despite the patient's eye not being functional, she |
| Universe." "Why we all live in a hologram" the | | | | could see by means of artificially created signals. |
| cover headline reported. To sum up the article, | | | | "The Body Electric," an article in Time magazine's |
| we perceive the world as a single bundle of light. | | | | March 11, 2002 issue, contained evidence proving |
| Therefore, it would be a mistake to consider | | | | that the external world is a copied image in our |
| matter as the absolute truth by relying on our | | | | mind. |
| perceptions. Admits Minkel: | | | | Can the Virtual Worlds of Some Films Be |
| You're holding a magazine. It feels solid; it seems | | | | Duplicated in the Real World? |
| to have some kind of independent existence in | | | | In "Life is a sim and then you're deleted," an |
| space. Ditto the objects around you—perhaps | | | | article published in the July 27, 2002 issue of New |
| a cup of coffee, a computer. They all seem real | | | | Scientist magazine, Michael Brooks states that we |
| and out there somewhere. But it's all an illusion. | | | | might well be living in a virtual world not unlike the |
| Minkel's article states that some scientists call this | | | | one in the film Matrix: "No need to wait for Matrix |
| idea the "theory of everything," and that | | | | 2 to come out. You could already be living in a |
| scientists consider this theory the first step | | | | giant computer simulation... Of course you thought |
| towards explaining the nature of the universe. | | | | The Matrix was fiction. But only because you |
| This magazine article explains scientifically that we | | | | were meant to." |
| perceive the universe as an illusion in our brains | | | | Author Brooks supports his views by quoting |
| and that, therefore, we are not interacting with | | | | philosopher Nick Bostrom of Yale University, who |
| matter itself. | | | | believes that Hollywood movies come much |
| Perceptions Lost to the Senses, Recovered with | | | | closer to reality than we realize. He calculates, too, |
| Artificial Signals | | | | that there is some probability that we are living in |
| In its March 11, 2002 issue, Time magazine | | | | a simulated or virtual world as some movies |
| published an article entitled "The Body Electric," | | | | depict. |
| revealing an important scientific development. The | | | | The scientific fact, much better understood in |
| article reported that scientists melded computer | | | | recent years, that we are not interacting with |
| chips with patients' nervous systems to treat | | | | matter itself, causes people to reflect more |
| permanent damage to their senses. | | | | deeply. This situation, the frequent inspiration for |
| With their newly developed systems, researchers | | | | movies, points out that virtual environments |
| in the USA, Europe and Japan aimed to give sight | | | | recreate reality so realistically that people can be |
| to the blind and help paralyzed patients recover. | | | | fooled by these illusionary images. |
| They have already achieved partial success with | | | | Materialism, Like Every Other False Philosophy, |
| this new system by planting electrodes into the | | | | Has Been Destroyed |
| relevant areas of the body, and silicon chips were | | | | The philosophy of materialism has existed |
| used to connect artificial limbs with living tissue. | | | | throughout history. Its adherents relied on the |
| Following an accident, a Danish patient by the | | | | supposedly absolute existence of matter while |
| name of Brian Holgersen was paralyzed from the | | | | denying God, Who has created them from |
| neck down, except for very limited movement in | | | | nothing and also created for them the universe |
| his shoulders, left arm and left hand. As is known, | | | | they live in. But the clear evidence leaves no |
| such paralysis is caused by damage to the spinal | | | | room for discussion. Consequently, matter |
| cord in the neck and back. The nerves are | | | | disappears—on which they based their lives and |
| damaged or blocked, disabling neural traffic | | | | thoughts, pride and denial. By their own research, |
| between brain and muscles, and cutting off | | | | strangely enough, materialist scientists discovered |
| communication between the nerves that transmit | | | | that everything they see is not matter itself, but |
| signals back and forth from the body to the brain. | | | | in reality a copy or image formed in the brain. |
| With this patient, the aim was to bridge his spinal | | | | And thus, they themselves brought down their |
| cord's damaged area with an implant, letting | | | | materialist beliefs. |
| signals from the brain bring back a little | | | | The twenty-first century is a turning point in |
| movement to the arms and legs. | | | | history, in which this reality will spread among all |
| They used a system designed to recover basic | | | | peoples, and materialism will be wiped from the |
| functions of the left hand, like grasping, holding | | | | face of the Earth. Some, under the influence of |
| and releasing objects. In an operation, eight small | | | | the materialist philosophy, who believed that |
| coin-sized flexible cuff electrodes were implanted | | | | matter is absolute, now have come to realize that |
| into the muscles responsible for those | | | | they themselves are illusions, that the only |
| movements in the patient's upper left arm, | | | | absolute being is God, Whose Being encompasses |
| forearm and shoulder. Later, ultrathin wires | | | | all there is. This reality is revealed in one of the |
| connected these electrodes to a stimulator—a | | | | verses: |
| kind of pacemaker for the nervous system— | | | | God bears witness that there is no god but Him, |
| implanted in his chest. The stimulator was in turn | | | | as do the angels and the people of knowledge, |
| linked to a position-sensing unit attached to | | | | upholding justice. There is no god but Him, the |
| Holgersen's right shoulder—over which he | | | | Almighty, the All-Wise. |
| retains some motor control. | | | | |